Name: Surface Water Springs
Display Field: SPRINGNAME
Type: Feature Layer
Geometry Type: esriGeometryPoint
Description: A spring is any natural discharge of water from rock or soil onto the surface of the land. Specifically, springs are places where subsurface water comes to the surface from the ground and flows or where it lies in pools that are continually replenished from below. Thus, a spring is a site where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface. The water source for a spring can vary. Some springs are fed by shallow groundwater seepage out of the soil, while others are fed by deep aquifer water discharged under artesian pressure. These differences influence the hydrology and the water chemistry of springs. They range in size from intermittent seeps, which flow only after a great deal of rain, to huge spring pools with tens of thousands of gallons flowing daily. Springs may be permanent, (perennial) that flow throughout the year or ephemeral, (intermittent or temporary), that flow only during or after rain. Where evaporation is high, the flow of springs can decrease or cease during the warm season. The amount of water that flows from springs depends on many factors including: the size of the caverns (or porosity) within the rocks, the water pressure in the aquifer, the size of the spring basin, and the amount of rainfall. Human activities can also influence the volume of water that discharges from a spring. Ground-water withdrawals in an area can reduce the pressure in an aquifer, causing water levels in the aquifer system to drop and ultimately decreasing the flow from the spring. In some cases, springs have completely disappeared over time due to water withdrawal from urbanization. It is thought that half of all the springs in the United States have dried up since settlement of the country began. New Jersey has many examples of springs which once flowed but do not exist anymore.
Copyright Text: NJGS Edition 20190320
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Type ID Field: null
Fields:
-
OBJECTID
(
type: esriFieldTypeOID, alias: OBJECTID
)
-
SPRINGID
(
type: esriFieldTypeInteger, alias: Spring ID
)
-
SPRINGNAME
(
type: esriFieldTypeString, alias: Spring Name, length: 100
)
-
ADDRESS
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type: esriFieldTypeString, alias: Address, length: 150
)
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DESCRIPTION
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COMMENTS
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ELEVATION
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SOURCE
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